Haematologica Reports 2005; 1(issue 9): 25-26
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Cytokine GRO-a is pivotal in thrombin-induced
angiogenesis
Karpatkin S
Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New
York, NY USA
The pro-malignant role of thrombin in tumor adhesion, growth,
metastasis and angiogenesis is well recognized.1-6
However, the mechanism of thrombin-induced angiogenesis is not
clear. Vascular regulatory proteins and growth factors,
particularly metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9), vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), and
angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), are required for the regulation of blood
vessel formation. Thrombin-induced angiogenesis in a chick
chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is associated with
upregulation of the major vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
as well as Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2).6 Thrombin also
upregulates VEGF and the major VEGF receptor KDR in endothelial
cells and induces the secretion of VEGF and Ang-1 from platelets.
Thrombin upregulates Ang-2, MMP-1 and MMP-2 in endothelial cells.
However, the cellular mechanisms responsible for thrombin-induced
upregulation of these genes have not been established.
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